Babylon.js/src/Mesh/babylon.meshBuilder.ts

module BABYLON {
    /**
     * Class containing static functions to help procedurally build meshes
     */
    export class MeshBuilder {
        private static updateSideOrientation(orientation?: number): number {
            if (orientation == Mesh.DOUBLESIDE) {
                return Mesh.DOUBLESIDE;
            }

            if (orientation === undefined || orientation === null) {
                return Mesh.FRONTSIDE;
            }

            return orientation;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a box mesh
         * * The parameter `size` sets the size (float) of each box side (default 1)
         * * You can set some different box dimensions by using the parameters `width`, `height` and `depth` (all by default have the same value than `size`)
         * * You can set different colors and different images to each box side by using the parameters `faceColors` (an array of 6 Color3 elements) and `faceUV` (an array of 6 Vector4 elements)
         * * Please read this tutorial : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/CreateBox_Per_Face_Textures_And_Colors  
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#box  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the box mesh
         */
        public static CreateBox(name: string, options: { size?: number, width?: number, height?: number, depth?: number, faceUV?: Vector4[], faceColors?: Color4[], sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, updatable?: boolean }, scene: Nullable<Scene> = null): Mesh {
            var box = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            box._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateBox(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(box, options.updatable);

            return box;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a sphere mesh  
         * * The parameter `diameter` sets the diameter size (float) of the sphere (default 1)
         * * You can set some different sphere dimensions, for instance to build an ellipsoid, by using the parameters `diameterX`, `diameterY` and `diameterZ` (all by default have the same value than `diameter`)
         * * The parameter `segments` sets the sphere number of horizontal stripes (positive integer, default 32)
         * * You can create an unclosed sphere with the parameter `arc` (positive float, default 1), valued between 0 and 1, what is the ratio of the circumference (latitude) : 2 x PI x ratio  
         * * You can create an unclosed sphere on its height with the parameter `slice` (positive float, default1), valued between 0 and 1, what is the height ratio (longitude)
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation  
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the sphere mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#sphere  
         */
        public static CreateSphere(name: string, options: { segments?: number, diameter?: number, diameterX?: number, diameterY?: number, diameterZ?: number, arc?: number, slice?: number, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, updatable?: boolean }, scene: any): Mesh {
            var sphere = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            sphere._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateSphere(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(sphere, options.updatable);

            return sphere;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a plane polygonal mesh.  By default, this is a disc
         * * The parameter `radius` sets the radius size (float) of the polygon (default 0.5)
         * * The parameter `tessellation` sets the number of polygon sides (positive integer, default 64). So a tessellation valued to 3 will build a triangle, to 4 a square, etc
         * * You can create an unclosed polygon with the parameter `arc` (positive float, default 1), valued between 0 and 1, what is the ratio of the circumference : 2 x PI x ratio  
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the plane polygonal mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#disc 
         */
        public static CreateDisc(name: string, options: { radius?: number, tessellation?: number, arc?: number, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4 }, scene: Nullable<Scene> = null): Mesh {
            var disc = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            disc._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateDisc(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(disc, options.updatable);

            return disc;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a sphere based upon an icosahedron with 20 triangular faces which can be subdivided
         * * The parameter `radius` sets the radius size (float) of the icosphere (default 1)
         * * You can set some different icosphere dimensions, for instance to build an ellipsoid, by using the parameters `radiusX`, `radiusY` and `radiusZ` (all by default have the same value than `radius`)
         * * The parameter `subdivisions` sets the number of subdivisions (postive integer, default 4). The more subdivisions, the more faces on the icosphere whatever its size
         * * The parameter `flat` (boolean, default true) gives each side its own normals. Set it to false to get a smooth continuous light reflection on the surface
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the icosahedron mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#icosphere   
         */
        public static CreateIcoSphere(name: string, options: { radius?: number, radiusX?: number, radiusY?: number, radiusZ?: number, flat?: boolean, subdivisions?: number, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, updatable?: boolean }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            var sphere = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            sphere._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateIcoSphere(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(sphere, options.updatable);

            return sphere;
        };

        /**
         * Creates a ribbon mesh. The ribbon is a parametric shape.  It has no predefined shape. Its final shape will depend on the input parameters
         * * The parameter `pathArray` is a required array of paths, what are each an array of successive Vector3. The pathArray parameter depicts the ribbon geometry
         * * The parameter `closeArray` (boolean, default false) creates a seam between the first and the last paths of the path array
         * * The parameter `closePath` (boolean, default false) creates a seam between the first and the last points of each path of the path array
         * * The parameter `offset` (positive integer, default : rounded half size of the pathArray length), is taken in account only if the `pathArray` is containing a single path
         * * It's the offset to join the points from the same path. Ex : offset = 10 means the point 1 is joined to the point 11
         * * The optional parameter `instance` is an instance of an existing Ribbon object to be updated with the passed `pathArray` parameter : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/How_to_dynamically_morph_a_mesh#ribbon   
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The optional parameter `invertUV` (boolean, default false) swaps in the geometry the U and V coordinates to apply a texture
         * * The parameter `uvs` is an optional flat array of `Vector2` to update/set each ribbon vertex with its own custom UV values instead of the computed ones
         * * The parameters `colors` is an optional flat array of `Color4` to set/update each ribbon vertex with its own custom color values
         * * Note that if you use the parameters `uvs` or `colors`, the passed arrays must be populated with the right number of elements, it is to say the number of ribbon vertices. Remember that if you set `closePath` to `true`, there's one extra vertex per path in the geometry
         * * Moreover, you can use the parameter `color` with `instance` (to update the ribbon), only if you previously used it at creation time
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the ribbon mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Ribbon_Tutorial    
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Parametric_Shapes
         */
        public static CreateRibbon(name: string, options: { pathArray: Vector3[][], closeArray?: boolean, closePath?: boolean, offset?: number, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, instance?: Mesh, invertUV?: boolean, uvs?: Vector2[], colors?: Color4[] }, scene: Nullable<Scene> = null): Mesh {
            var pathArray = options.pathArray;
            var closeArray = options.closeArray;
            var closePath = options.closePath;
            var sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            var instance = options.instance;
            var updatable = options.updatable;

            if (instance) {   // existing ribbon instance update
                // positionFunction : ribbon case
                // only pathArray and sideOrientation parameters are taken into account for positions update
                Vector3.FromFloatsToRef(Number.MAX_VALUE, Number.MAX_VALUE, Number.MAX_VALUE, Tmp.Vector3[0]);         // minimum
                Vector3.FromFloatsToRef(-Number.MAX_VALUE, -Number.MAX_VALUE, -Number.MAX_VALUE, Tmp.Vector3[1]);
                var positionFunction = (positions: FloatArray) => {
                    var minlg = pathArray[0].length;
                    var i = 0;
                    var ns = ((<Mesh>instance)._originalBuilderSideOrientation === Mesh.DOUBLESIDE) ? 2 : 1;
                    for (var si = 1; si <= ns; si++) {
                        for (var p = 0; p < pathArray.length; p++) {
                            var path = pathArray[p];
                            var l = path.length;
                            minlg = (minlg < l) ? minlg : l;
                            var j = 0;
                            while (j < minlg) {
                                positions[i] = path[j].x;
                                positions[i + 1] = path[j].y;
                                positions[i + 2] = path[j].z;
                                if (path[j].x < Tmp.Vector3[0].x) {
                                    Tmp.Vector3[0].x = path[j].x;
                                }
                                if (path[j].x > Tmp.Vector3[1].x) {
                                    Tmp.Vector3[1].x = path[j].x;
                                }
                                if (path[j].y < Tmp.Vector3[0].y) {
                                    Tmp.Vector3[0].y = path[j].y;
                                }
                                if (path[j].y > Tmp.Vector3[1].y) {
                                    Tmp.Vector3[1].y = path[j].y;
                                }
                                if (path[j].z < Tmp.Vector3[0].z) {
                                    Tmp.Vector3[0].z = path[j].z;
                                }
                                if (path[j].z > Tmp.Vector3[1].z) {
                                    Tmp.Vector3[1].z = path[j].z;
                                }
                                j++;
                                i += 3;
                            }
                            if ((<any>instance)._closePath) {
                                positions[i] = path[0].x;
                                positions[i + 1] = path[0].y;
                                positions[i + 2] = path[0].z;
                                i += 3;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                };
                var positions = <FloatArray>instance.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.PositionKind);
                positionFunction(positions);
                instance._boundingInfo = new BoundingInfo(Tmp.Vector3[0], Tmp.Vector3[1]);
                instance._boundingInfo.update(instance._worldMatrix);
                instance.updateVerticesData(VertexBuffer.PositionKind, positions, false, false);
                if (options.colors) {
                    var colors = <FloatArray>instance.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.ColorKind);
                    for (var c = 0; c < options.colors.length; c++) {
                        colors[c * 4] = options.colors[c].r;
                        colors[c * 4 + 1] = options.colors[c].g;
                        colors[c * 4 + 2] = options.colors[c].b;
                        colors[c * 4 + 3] = options.colors[c].a;
                    }
                    instance.updateVerticesData(VertexBuffer.ColorKind, colors, false, false);
                }
                if (options.uvs) {
                    var uvs = <FloatArray>instance.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.UVKind);
                    for (var i = 0; i < options.uvs.length; i++) {
                        uvs[i * 2] = options.uvs[i].x;
                        uvs[i * 2 + 1] = options.uvs[i].y;
                    }
                    instance.updateVerticesData(VertexBuffer.UVKind, uvs, false, false);
                }
                if (!instance.areNormalsFrozen || instance.isFacetDataEnabled) {
                    var indices = instance.getIndices();
                    var normals = <FloatArray>instance.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.NormalKind);
                    var params = instance.isFacetDataEnabled ? instance.getFacetDataParameters() : null;
                    VertexData.ComputeNormals(positions, indices, normals, params);

                    if ((<any>instance)._closePath) {
                        var indexFirst: number = 0;
                        var indexLast: number = 0;
                        for (var p = 0; p < pathArray.length; p++) {
                            indexFirst = (<any>instance)._idx[p] * 3;
                            if (p + 1 < pathArray.length) {
                                indexLast = ((<any>instance)._idx[p + 1] - 1) * 3;
                            }
                            else {
                                indexLast = normals.length - 3;
                            }
                            normals[indexFirst] = (normals[indexFirst] + normals[indexLast]) * 0.5;
                            normals[indexFirst + 1] = (normals[indexFirst + 1] + normals[indexLast + 1]) * 0.5;
                            normals[indexFirst + 2] = (normals[indexFirst + 2] + normals[indexLast + 2]) * 0.5;
                            normals[indexLast] = normals[indexFirst];
                            normals[indexLast + 1] = normals[indexFirst + 1];
                            normals[indexLast + 2] = normals[indexFirst + 2];
                        }
                    }
                    if (!(instance.areNormalsFrozen)) {
                        instance.updateVerticesData(VertexBuffer.NormalKind, normals, false, false);
                    }
                }

                return instance;
            }
            else {  // new ribbon creation

                var ribbon = new Mesh(name, scene);
                ribbon._originalBuilderSideOrientation = sideOrientation;

                var vertexData = VertexData.CreateRibbon(options);
                if (closePath) {
                    (<any>ribbon)._idx = (<any>vertexData)._idx;
                }
                (<any>ribbon)._closePath = closePath;
                (<any>ribbon)._closeArray = closeArray;

                vertexData.applyToMesh(ribbon, updatable);

                return ribbon;
            }
        }

        /**
         * Creates a cylinder or a cone mesh  
         * * The parameter `height` sets the height size (float) of the cylinder/cone (float, default 2).  
         * * The parameter `diameter` sets the diameter of the top and bottom cap at once (float, default 1).  
         * * The parameters `diameterTop` and `diameterBottom` overwrite the parameter `diameter` and set respectively the top cap and bottom cap diameter (floats, default 1). The parameter "diameterBottom" can't be zero.  
         * * The parameter `tessellation` sets the number of cylinder sides (positive integer, default 24). Set it to 3 to get a prism for instance.
         * * The parameter `subdivisions` sets the number of rings along the cylinder height (positive integer, default 1).   
         * * The parameter `hasRings` (boolean, default false) makes the subdivisions independent from each other, so they become different faces.  
         * * The parameter `enclose`  (boolean, default false) adds two extra faces per subdivision to a sliced cylinder to close it around its height axis.  
         * * The parameter `arc` (float, default 1) is the ratio (max 1) to apply to the circumference to slice the cylinder.   
         * * You can set different colors and different images to each box side by using the parameters `faceColors` (an array of n Color3 elements) and `faceUV` (an array of n Vector4 elements).   
         * * The value of n is the number of cylinder faces. If the cylinder has only 1 subdivisions, n equals : top face + cylinder surface + bottom face = 3   
         * * Now, if the cylinder has 5 independent subdivisions (hasRings = true), n equals : top face + 5 stripe surfaces + bottom face = 2 + 5 = 7   
         * * Finally, if the cylinder has 5 independent subdivisions and is enclose, n equals : top face + 5 x (stripe surface + 2 closing faces) + bottom face = 2 + 5 * 3 = 17    
         * * Each array (color or UVs) is always ordered the same way : the first element is the bottom cap, the last element is the top cap. The other elements are each a ring surface.    
         * * If `enclose` is false, a ring surface is one element.   
         * * If `enclose` is true, a ring surface is 3 successive elements in the array : the tubular surface, then the two closing faces.    
         * * Example how to set colors and textures on a sliced cylinder : http://www.html5gamedevs.com/topic/17945-creating-a-closed-slice-of-a-cylinder/#comment-106379  
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created.  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the cylinder mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#cylinder-or-cone    
         */
        public static CreateCylinder(name: string, options: { height?: number, diameterTop?: number, diameterBottom?: number, diameter?: number, tessellation?: number, subdivisions?: number, arc?: number, faceColors?: Color4[], faceUV?: Vector4[], updatable?: boolean, hasRings?: boolean, enclose?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4 }, scene: any): Mesh {
            var cylinder = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            cylinder._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateCylinder(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(cylinder, options.updatable);

            return cylinder;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a torus mesh
         * * The parameter `diameter` sets the diameter size (float) of the torus (default 1)
         * * The parameter `thickness` sets the diameter size of the tube of the torus (float, default 0.5)
         * * The parameter `tessellation` sets the number of torus sides (postive integer, default 16)
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created.  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the torus mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#torus
         */
        public static CreateTorus(name: string, options: { diameter?: number, thickness?: number, tessellation?: number, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4 }, scene: any): Mesh {
            var torus = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            torus._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateTorus(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(torus, options.updatable);

            return torus;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a torus knot mesh
         * * The parameter `radius` sets the global radius size (float) of the torus knot (default 2)
         * * The parameter `radialSegments` sets the number of sides on each tube segments (positive integer, default 32)
         * * The parameter `tubularSegments` sets the number of tubes to decompose the knot into (positive integer, default 32)
         * * The parameters `p` and `q` are the number of windings on each axis (positive integers, default 2 and 3)
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created.  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the torus knot mesh
         * @see  http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#torus-knot
         */
        public static CreateTorusKnot(name: string, options: { radius?: number, tube?: number, radialSegments?: number, tubularSegments?: number, p?: number, q?: number, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4 }, scene: any): Mesh {
            var torusKnot = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            torusKnot._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateTorusKnot(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(torusKnot, options.updatable);

            return torusKnot;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a line system mesh. A line system is a pool of many lines gathered in a single mesh
         * * A line system mesh is considered as a parametric shape since it has no predefined original shape. Its shape is determined by the passed array of lines as an input parameter
         * * Like every other parametric shape, it is dynamically updatable by passing an existing instance of LineSystem to this static function
         * * The parameter `lines` is an array of lines, each line being an array of successive Vector3
         * * The optional parameter `instance` is an instance of an existing LineSystem object to be updated with the passed `lines` parameter
         * * The optional parameter `colors` is an array of line colors, each line colors being an array of successive Color4, one per line point
         * * The optional parameter `useVertexAlpha` is to be set to `false` (default `true`) when you don't need the alpha blending (faster)
         * * Updating a simple Line mesh, you just need to update every line in the `lines` array : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/How_to_dynamically_morph_a_mesh#lines-and-dashedlines
         * * When updating an instance, remember that only line point positions can change, not the number of points, neither the number of lines
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#linesystem  
         * @param name defines the name of the new line system
         * @param options defines the options used to create the line system
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns a new line system mesh
         */
        public static CreateLineSystem(name: string, options: { lines: Vector3[][], updatable?: boolean, instance?: Nullable<LinesMesh>, colors?: Nullable<Color4[][]>, useVertexAlpha?: boolean }, scene: Nullable<Scene>): LinesMesh {
            var instance = options.instance;
            var lines = options.lines;
            var colors = options.colors;

            if (instance) { // lines update
                var positions = instance.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.PositionKind)!;
                var vertexColor;
                var lineColors;
                if (colors) {
                    vertexColor = instance.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.ColorKind)!;
                }
                var i = 0;
                var c = 0;
                for (var l = 0; l < lines.length; l++) {
                    var points = lines[l];
                    for (var p = 0; p < points.length; p++) {
                        positions[i] = points[p].x;
                        positions[i + 1] = points[p].y;
                        positions[i + 2] = points[p].z;
                        if (colors && vertexColor) {
                            lineColors = colors[l];
                            vertexColor[c] = lineColors[p].r;
                            vertexColor[c + 1] = lineColors[p].g;
                            vertexColor[c + 2] = lineColors[p].b;
                            vertexColor[c + 3] = lineColors[p].a;
                            c += 4;
                        }
                        i += 3;
                    }
                }
                instance.updateVerticesData(VertexBuffer.PositionKind, positions, false, false);
                if (colors && vertexColor) {
                    instance.updateVerticesData(VertexBuffer.ColorKind, vertexColor, false, false)
                }
                return instance;
            }

            // line system creation
            var useVertexColor = (colors) ? true : false;
            var lineSystem = new LinesMesh(name, scene, null, undefined, undefined, useVertexColor, options.useVertexAlpha);
            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateLineSystem(options);
            vertexData.applyToMesh(lineSystem, options.updatable);
            return lineSystem;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a line mesh
         * A line mesh is considered as a parametric shape since it has no predefined original shape. Its shape is determined by the passed array of points as an input parameter
         * * Like every other parametric shape, it is dynamically updatable by passing an existing instance of LineMesh to this static function
         * * The parameter `points` is an array successive Vector3
         * * The optional parameter `instance` is an instance of an existing LineMesh object to be updated with the passed `points` parameter : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/How_to_dynamically_morph_a_mesh#lines-and-dashedlines
         * * The optional parameter `colors` is an array of successive Color4, one per line point
         * * The optional parameter `useVertexAlpha` is to be set to `false` (default `true`) when you don't need alpha blending (faster)
         * * When updating an instance, remember that only point positions can change, not the number of points
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#lines
         * @param name defines the name of the new line system
         * @param options defines the options used to create the line system
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns a new line mesh
         */
        public static CreateLines(name: string, options: { points: Vector3[], updatable?: boolean, instance?: Nullable<LinesMesh>, colors?: Color4[], useVertexAlpha?: boolean }, scene: Nullable<Scene> = null): LinesMesh {
            var colors = (options.colors) ? [options.colors] : null;
            var lines = MeshBuilder.CreateLineSystem(name, { lines: [options.points], updatable: options.updatable, instance: options.instance, colors: colors, useVertexAlpha: options.useVertexAlpha }, scene);
            return lines;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a dashed line mesh
         * * A dashed line mesh is considered as a parametric shape since it has no predefined original shape. Its shape is determined by the passed array of points as an input parameter
         * * Like every other parametric shape, it is dynamically updatable by passing an existing instance of LineMesh to this static function
         * * The parameter `points` is an array successive Vector3
         * * The parameter `dashNb` is the intended total number of dashes (positive integer, default 200)
         * * The parameter `dashSize` is the size of the dashes relatively the dash number (positive float, default 3)
         * * The parameter `gapSize` is the size of the gap between two successive dashes relatively the dash number (positive float, default 1)
         * * The optional parameter `instance` is an instance of an existing LineMesh object to be updated with the passed `points` parameter : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/How_to_dynamically_morph_a_mesh#lines-and-dashedlines 
         * * When updating an instance, remember that only point positions can change, not the number of points
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the dashed line mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#dashed-lines
         */
        public static CreateDashedLines(name: string, options: { points: Vector3[], dashSize?: number, gapSize?: number, dashNb?: number, updatable?: boolean, instance?: LinesMesh }, scene: Nullable<Scene> = null): LinesMesh {
            var points = options.points;
            var instance = options.instance;
            var gapSize = options.gapSize || 1;
            var dashSize = options.dashSize || 3;

            if (instance) {  //  dashed lines update
                var positionFunction = (positions: FloatArray): void => {
                    var curvect = Vector3.Zero();
                    var nbSeg = positions.length / 6;
                    var lg = 0;
                    var nb = 0;
                    var shft = 0;
                    var dashshft = 0;
                    var curshft = 0;
                    var p = 0;
                    var i = 0;
                    var j = 0;
                    for (i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
                        points[i + 1].subtractToRef(points[i], curvect);
                        lg += curvect.length();
                    }
                    shft = lg / nbSeg;
                    dashshft = (<any>instance).dashSize * shft / ((<any>instance).dashSize + (<any>instance).gapSize);
                    for (i = 0; i < points.length - 1; i++) {
                        points[i + 1].subtractToRef(points[i], curvect);
                        nb = Math.floor(curvect.length() / shft);
                        curvect.normalize();
                        j = 0;
                        while (j < nb && p < positions.length) {
                            curshft = shft * j;
                            positions[p] = points[i].x + curshft * curvect.x;
                            positions[p + 1] = points[i].y + curshft * curvect.y;
                            positions[p + 2] = points[i].z + curshft * curvect.z;
                            positions[p + 3] = points[i].x + (curshft + dashshft) * curvect.x;
                            positions[p + 4] = points[i].y + (curshft + dashshft) * curvect.y;
                            positions[p + 5] = points[i].z + (curshft + dashshft) * curvect.z;
                            p += 6;
                            j++;
                        }
                    }
                    while (p < positions.length) {
                        positions[p] = points[i].x;
                        positions[p + 1] = points[i].y;
                        positions[p + 2] = points[i].z;
                        p += 3;
                    }
                };
                instance.updateMeshPositions(positionFunction, false);
                return instance;
            }
            // dashed lines creation
            var dashedLines = new LinesMesh(name, scene);
            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateDashedLines(options);
            vertexData.applyToMesh(dashedLines, options.updatable);
            (<any>dashedLines).dashSize = dashSize;
            (<any>dashedLines).gapSize = gapSize;
            return dashedLines;
        }

        /**
         * Creates an extruded shape mesh. The extrusion is a parametric shape. It has no predefined shape. Its final shape will depend on the input parameters.
         * * The parameter `shape` is a required array of successive Vector3. This array depicts the shape to be extruded in its local space : the shape must be designed in the xOy plane and will be extruded along the Z axis.    
         * * The parameter `path` is a required array of successive Vector3. This is the axis curve the shape is extruded along.      
         * * The parameter `rotation` (float, default 0 radians) is the angle value to rotate the shape each step (each path point), from the former step (so rotation added each step) along the curve.    
         * * The parameter `scale` (float, default 1) is the value to scale the shape.  
         * * The parameter `cap` sets the way the extruded shape is capped. Possible values : BABYLON.Mesh.NO_CAP (default), BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_START, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_END, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_ALL      
         * * The optional parameter `instance` is an instance of an existing ExtrudedShape object to be updated with the passed `shape`, `path`, `scale` or `rotation` parameters : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/How_to_dynamically_morph_a_mesh#extruded-shape  
         * * Remember you can only change the shape or path point positions, not their number when updating an extruded shape.       
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The optional parameter `invertUV` (boolean, default false) swaps in the geometry the U and V coordinates to apply a texture.  
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created.  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the extruded shape mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Parametric_Shapes
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Parametric_Shapes#extrusion     
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#extruded-shapes
         */
        public static ExtrudeShape(name: string, options: { shape: Vector3[], path: Vector3[], scale?: number, rotation?: number, cap?: number, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, instance?: Mesh, invertUV?: boolean }, scene: Nullable<Scene> = null): Mesh {
            var path = options.path;
            var shape = options.shape;
            var scale = options.scale || 1;
            var rotation = options.rotation || 0;
            var cap = (options.cap === 0) ? 0 : options.cap || Mesh.NO_CAP;
            var updatable = options.updatable;
            var sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            var instance = options.instance || null;
            var invertUV = options.invertUV || false;

            return MeshBuilder._ExtrudeShapeGeneric(name, shape, path, scale, rotation, null, null, false, false, cap, false, scene, updatable ? true : false, sideOrientation, instance, invertUV, options.frontUVs || null, options.backUVs || null);
        }

        /**
         * Creates an custom extruded shape mesh.    
         * The custom extrusion is a parametric shape. It has no predefined shape. Its final shape will depend on the input parameters.  
         * * The parameter `shape` is a required array of successive Vector3. This array depicts the shape to be extruded in its local space : the shape must be designed in the xOy plane and will be extruded along the Z axis.    
         * * The parameter `path` is a required array of successive Vector3. This is the axis curve the shape is extruded along.      
         * * The parameter `rotationFunction` (JS function) is a custom Javascript function called on each path point. This function is passed the position i of the point in the path and the distance of this point from the begining of the path
         * * It must returns a float value that will be the rotation in radians applied to the shape on each path point.      
         * * The parameter `scaleFunction` (JS function) is a custom Javascript function called on each path point. This function is passed the position i of the point in the path and the distance of this point from the begining of the path
         * * It must returns a float value that will be the scale value applied to the shape on each path point
         * * The parameter `ribbonClosePath` (boolean, default false) forces the extrusion underlying ribbon to close all the paths in its `pathArray`
         * * The parameter `ribbonCloseArray` (boolean, default false) forces the extrusion underlying ribbon to close its `pathArray`
         * * The parameter `cap` sets the way the extruded shape is capped. Possible values : BABYLON.Mesh.NO_CAP (default), BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_START, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_END, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_ALL        
         * * The optional parameter `instance` is an instance of an existing ExtrudedShape object to be updated with the passed `shape`, `path`, `scale` or `rotation` parameters : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/How_to_dynamically_morph_a_mesh#extruded-shape  
         * * Remember you can only change the shape or path point positions, not their number when updating an extruded shape
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation   
         * * The optional parameter `invertUV` (boolean, default false) swaps in the geometry the U and V coordinates to apply a texture
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the custom extruded shape mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#custom-extruded-shapes
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Parametric_Shapes
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Parametric_Shapes#extrusion
         */
        public static ExtrudeShapeCustom(name: string, options: { shape: Vector3[], path: Vector3[], scaleFunction?: any, rotationFunction?: any, ribbonCloseArray?: boolean, ribbonClosePath?: boolean, cap?: number, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, instance?: Mesh, invertUV?: boolean }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            var path = options.path;
            var shape = options.shape;
            var scaleFunction = options.scaleFunction || (() => { return 1; });
            var rotationFunction = options.rotationFunction || (() => { return 0; });
            var ribbonCloseArray = options.ribbonCloseArray || false;
            var ribbonClosePath = options.ribbonClosePath || false;
            var cap = (options.cap === 0) ? 0 : options.cap || Mesh.NO_CAP;
            var updatable = options.updatable;
            var sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            var instance = options.instance;
            var invertUV = options.invertUV || false;
            return MeshBuilder._ExtrudeShapeGeneric(name, shape, path, null, null, scaleFunction, rotationFunction, ribbonCloseArray, ribbonClosePath, cap, true, scene, updatable ? true : false, sideOrientation, instance || null, invertUV, options.frontUVs || null, options.backUVs || null);
        }

        /**
         * Creates lathe mesh.  
         * The lathe is a shape with a symetry axis : a 2D model shape is rotated around this axis to design the lathe
         * * The parameter `shape` is a required array of successive Vector3. This array depicts the shape to be rotated in its local space : the shape must be designed in the xOy plane and will be rotated around the Y axis. It's usually a 2D shape, so the Vector3 z coordinates are often set to zero
         * * The parameter `radius` (positive float, default 1) is the radius value of the lathe
         * * The parameter `tessellation` (positive integer, default 64) is the side number of the lathe
         * * The parameter `arc` (positive float, default 1) is the ratio of the lathe. 0.5 builds for instance half a lathe, so an opened shape
         * * The parameter `closed` (boolean, default true) opens/closes the lathe circumference. This should be set to false when used with the parameter "arc"
         * * The parameter `cap` sets the way the extruded shape is capped. Possible values : BABYLON.Mesh.NO_CAP (default), BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_START, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_END, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_ALL          
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The optional parameter `invertUV` (boolean, default false) swaps in the geometry the U and V coordinates to apply a texture
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the lathe mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#lathe 
         */
        public static CreateLathe(name: string, options: { shape: Vector3[], radius?: number, tessellation?: number, arc?: number, closed?: boolean, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, cap?: number, invertUV?: boolean }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            var arc: number = options.arc ? ((options.arc <= 0 || options.arc > 1) ? 1.0 : options.arc) : 1.0;
            var closed: boolean = (options.closed === undefined) ? true : options.closed;
            var shape = options.shape;
            var radius = options.radius || 1;
            var tessellation = options.tessellation || 64;
            var updatable = options.updatable;
            var sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            var cap = options.cap || Mesh.NO_CAP;
            var pi2 = Math.PI * 2;
            var paths = new Array();
            var invertUV = options.invertUV || false;

            var i = 0;
            var p = 0;
            var step = pi2 / tessellation * arc;
            var rotated;
            var path = new Array<Vector3>();;
            for (i = 0; i <= tessellation; i++) {
                var path: Vector3[] = [];
                if (cap == Mesh.CAP_START || cap == Mesh.CAP_ALL) {
                    path.push(new Vector3(0, shape[0].y, 0));
                    path.push(new Vector3(Math.cos(i * step) * shape[0].x * radius, shape[0].y, Math.sin(i * step) * shape[0].x * radius));
                }
                for (p = 0; p < shape.length; p++) {
                    rotated = new Vector3(Math.cos(i * step) * shape[p].x * radius, shape[p].y, Math.sin(i * step) * shape[p].x * radius);
                    path.push(rotated);
                }
                if (cap == Mesh.CAP_END || cap == Mesh.CAP_ALL) {
                    path.push(new Vector3(Math.cos(i * step) * shape[shape.length - 1].x * radius, shape[shape.length - 1].y, Math.sin(i * step) * shape[shape.length - 1].x * radius));
                    path.push(new Vector3(0, shape[shape.length - 1].y, 0));
                }
                paths.push(path);
            }

            // lathe ribbon
            var lathe = MeshBuilder.CreateRibbon(name, { pathArray: paths, closeArray: closed, sideOrientation: sideOrientation, updatable: updatable, invertUV: invertUV, frontUVs: options.frontUVs, backUVs: options.backUVs }, scene);
            return lathe;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a plane mesh
         * * The parameter `size` sets the size (float) of both sides of the plane at once (default 1)
         * * You can set some different plane dimensions by using the parameters `width` and `height` (both by default have the same value than `size`)
         * * The parameter `sourcePlane` is a Plane instance. It builds a mesh plane from a Math plane
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the plane mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#plane
         */
        public static CreatePlane(name: string, options: { size?: number, width?: number, height?: number, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, updatable?: boolean, sourcePlane?: Plane }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            var plane = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            plane._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreatePlane(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(plane, options.updatable);

            if (options.sourcePlane) {
                plane.translate(options.sourcePlane.normal, options.sourcePlane.d);

                var product = Math.acos(Vector3.Dot(options.sourcePlane.normal, Axis.Z));
                var vectorProduct = Vector3.Cross(Axis.Z, options.sourcePlane.normal);

                plane.rotate(vectorProduct, product);
            }

            return plane;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a ground mesh
         * * The parameters `width` and `height` (floats, default 1) set the width and height sizes of the ground
         * * The parameter `subdivisions` (positive integer) sets the number of subdivisions per side
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the ground mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#plane
         */
        public static CreateGround(name: string, options: { width?: number, height?: number, subdivisions?: number, subdivisionsX?: number, subdivisionsY?: number, updatable?: boolean }, scene: any): Mesh {
            var ground = new GroundMesh(name, scene);
            ground._setReady(false);
            ground._subdivisionsX = options.subdivisionsX || options.subdivisions || 1;
            ground._subdivisionsY = options.subdivisionsY || options.subdivisions || 1;
            ground._width = options.width || 1;
            ground._height = options.height || 1;
            ground._maxX = ground._width / 2;
            ground._maxZ = ground._height / 2;
            ground._minX = -ground._maxX;
            ground._minZ = -ground._maxZ;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateGround(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(ground, options.updatable);

            ground._setReady(true);

            return ground;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a tiled ground mesh 
         * * The parameters `xmin` and `xmax` (floats, default -1 and 1) set the ground minimum and maximum X coordinates
         * * The parameters `zmin` and `zmax` (floats, default -1 and 1) set the ground minimum and maximum Z coordinates   
         * * The parameter `subdivisions` is a javascript object `{w: positive integer, h: positive integer}` (default `{w: 6, h: 6}`). `w` and `h` are the numbers of subdivisions on the ground width and height. Each subdivision is called a tile
         * * The parameter `precision` is a javascript object `{w: positive integer, h: positive integer}` (default `{w: 2, h: 2}`). `w` and `h` are the numbers of subdivisions on the ground width and height of each tile
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created.  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the tiled ground mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#tiled-ground    
         */
        public static CreateTiledGround(name: string, options: { xmin: number, zmin: number, xmax: number, zmax: number, subdivisions?: { w: number; h: number; }, precision?: { w: number; h: number; }, updatable?: boolean }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            var tiledGround = new Mesh(name, scene);

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreateTiledGround(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(tiledGround, options.updatable);

            return tiledGround;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a ground mesh from a height map
         * * The parameter `url` sets the URL of the height map image resource.  
         * * The parameters `width` and `height` (positive floats, default 10) set the ground width and height sizes.     
         * * The parameter `subdivisions` (positive integer, default 1) sets the number of subdivision per side.  
         * * The parameter `minHeight` (float, default 0) is the minimum altitude on the ground.     
         * * The parameter `maxHeight` (float, default 1) is the maximum altitude on the ground.   
         * * The parameter `colorFilter` (optional Color3, default (0.3, 0.59, 0.11) ) is the filter to apply to the image pixel colors to compute the height.  
         * * The parameter `onReady` is a javascript callback function that will be called  once the mesh is just built (the height map download can last some time).  
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created.  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param url defines the url to the height map
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the ground mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/14._Height_Map   
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#ground-from-a-height-map
         */
        public static CreateGroundFromHeightMap(name: string, url: string, options: { width?: number, height?: number, subdivisions?: number, minHeight?: number, maxHeight?: number, colorFilter?: Color3, updatable?: boolean, onReady?: (mesh: GroundMesh) => void }, scene: Scene): GroundMesh {
            var width = options.width || 10.0;
            var height = options.height || 10.0;
            var subdivisions = options.subdivisions || 1 | 0;
            var minHeight = options.minHeight || 0.0;
            var maxHeight = options.maxHeight || 1.0;
            var filter = options.colorFilter || new Color3(0.3, 0.59, 0.11);
            var updatable = options.updatable;
            var onReady = options.onReady;

            var ground = new GroundMesh(name, scene);
            ground._subdivisionsX = subdivisions;
            ground._subdivisionsY = subdivisions;
            ground._width = width;
            ground._height = height;
            ground._maxX = ground._width / 2.0;
            ground._maxZ = ground._height / 2.0;
            ground._minX = -ground._maxX;
            ground._minZ = -ground._maxZ;

            ground._setReady(false);

            var onload = (img: HTMLImageElement) => {
                // Getting height map data
                var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
                var context = canvas.getContext("2d");

                if (!context) {
                    throw new Error("Unable to get 2d context for CreateGroundFromHeightMap");
                }

                if (scene.isDisposed) {
                    return;
                }

                var bufferWidth = img.width;
                var bufferHeight = img.height;
                canvas.width = bufferWidth;
                canvas.height = bufferHeight;

                context.drawImage(img, 0, 0);

                // Create VertexData from map data
                // Cast is due to wrong definition in lib.d.ts from ts 1.3 - https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/949
                var buffer = <Uint8Array>(<any>context.getImageData(0, 0, bufferWidth, bufferHeight).data);
                var vertexData = VertexData.CreateGroundFromHeightMap({
                    width: width, height: height,
                    subdivisions: subdivisions,
                    minHeight: minHeight, maxHeight: maxHeight, colorFilter: filter,
                    buffer: buffer, bufferWidth: bufferWidth, bufferHeight: bufferHeight
                });

                vertexData.applyToMesh(ground, updatable);

                //execute ready callback, if set
                if (onReady) {
                    onReady(ground);
                }

                ground._setReady(true);
            };

            Tools.LoadImage(url, onload, () => { }, scene.database);

            return ground;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a polygon mesh
         * The polygon's shape will depend on the input parameters and is constructed parallel to a ground mesh
         * * The parameter `shape` is a required array of successive Vector3 representing the corners of the polygon in th XoZ plane, that is y = 0 for all vectors
         * * You can set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4)
         * * Remember you can only change the shape positions, not their number when updating a polygon
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the polygon mesh
         */
        public static CreatePolygon(name: string, options: { shape: Vector3[], holes?: Vector3[][], depth?: number, faceUV?: Vector4[], faceColors?: Color4[], updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4 }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            var shape = options.shape;
            var holes = options.holes || [];
            var depth = options.depth || 0;
            var contours: Array<Vector2> = [];
            var hole: Array<Vector2> = [];

            for (var i = 0; i < shape.length; i++) {
                contours[i] = new Vector2(shape[i].x, shape[i].z);
            }
            var epsilon = 0.00000001;
            if (contours[0].equalsWithEpsilon(contours[contours.length - 1], epsilon)) {
                contours.pop();
            }

            var polygonTriangulation = new PolygonMeshBuilder(name, contours, scene);
            for (var hNb = 0; hNb < holes.length; hNb++) {
                hole = [];
                for (var hPoint = 0; hPoint < holes[hNb].length; hPoint++) {
                    hole.push(new Vector2(holes[hNb][hPoint].x, holes[hNb][hPoint].z));
                }
                polygonTriangulation.addHole(hole);
            }
            var polygon = polygonTriangulation.build(options.updatable, depth);
            polygon._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;
            var vertexData = VertexData.CreatePolygon(polygon, options.sideOrientation, options.faceUV, options.faceColors, options.frontUVs, options.backUVs);
            vertexData.applyToMesh(polygon, options.updatable);

            return polygon;
        };

        /**
         * Creates an extruded polygon mesh, with depth in the Y direction. 
         * * You can set different colors and different images to the top, bottom and extruded side by using the parameters `faceColors` (an array of 3 Color3 elements) and `faceUV` (an array of 3 Vector4 elements)
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/CreateBox_Per_Face_Textures_And_Colors  
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the polygon mesh
		 */
        public static ExtrudePolygon(name: string, options: { shape: Vector3[], holes?: Vector3[][], depth?: number, faceUV?: Vector4[], faceColors?: Color4[], updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4 }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            return MeshBuilder.CreatePolygon(name, options, scene);
        };


        /**
         * Creates a tube mesh.   
         * The tube is a parametric shape. It has no predefined shape. Its final shape will depend on the input parameters
         * * The parameter `path` is a required array of successive Vector3. It is the curve used as the axis of the tube
         * * The parameter `radius` (positive float, default 1) sets the tube radius size
         * * The parameter `tessellation` (positive float, default 64) is the number of sides on the tubular surface
         * * The parameter `radiusFunction` (javascript function, default null) is a vanilla javascript function. If it is not null, it overwrittes the parameter `radius`
         * * This function is called on each point of the tube path and is passed the index `i` of the i-th point and the distance of this point from the first point of the path. It must return a radius value (positive float)
         * * The parameter `arc` (positive float, maximum 1, default 1) is the ratio to apply to the tube circumference : 2 x PI x arc 
         * * The parameter `cap` sets the way the extruded shape is capped. Possible values : BABYLON.Mesh.NO_CAP (default), BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_START, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_END, BABYLON.Mesh.CAP_ALL         
         * * The optional parameter `instance` is an instance of an existing Tube object to be updated with the passed `pathArray` parameter : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/How_to_dynamically_morph_a_mesh#tube    
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation  
         * * The optional parameter `invertUV` (boolean, default false) swaps in the geometry the U and V coordinates to apply a texture
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the tube mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Parametric_Shapes
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#tube
         */
        public static CreateTube(name: string, options: { path: Vector3[], radius?: number, tessellation?: number, radiusFunction?: { (i: number, distance: number): number; }, cap?: number, arc?: number, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4, instance?: Mesh, invertUV?: boolean }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            var path = options.path;
            var instance = options.instance;
            var radius = 1.0;
            if (instance) {
                radius = (<any>instance).radius;
            }
            if (options.radius !== undefined) {
                radius = options.radius;
            };
            var tessellation = options.tessellation || 64 | 0;
            var radiusFunction = options.radiusFunction || null;
            var cap = options.cap || Mesh.NO_CAP;
            var invertUV = options.invertUV || false;
            var updatable = options.updatable;
            var sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            options.arc = options.arc && (options.arc <= 0.0 || options.arc > 1.0) ? 1.0 : options.arc || 1.0;

            // tube geometry
            var tubePathArray = (path: Vector3[], path3D: Path3D, circlePaths: Vector3[][], radius: number, tessellation: number,
                radiusFunction: Nullable<{ (i: number, distance: number): number; }>, cap: number, arc: number) => {
                var tangents = path3D.getTangents();
                var normals = path3D.getNormals();
                var distances = path3D.getDistances();
                var pi2 = Math.PI * 2;
                var step = pi2 / tessellation * arc;
                var returnRadius: { (i: number, distance: number): number; } = () => radius;
                var radiusFunctionFinal: { (i: number, distance: number): number; } = radiusFunction || returnRadius;

                var circlePath: Vector3[];
                var rad: number;
                var normal: Vector3;
                var rotated: Vector3;
                var rotationMatrix: Matrix = Tmp.Matrix[0];
                var index = (cap === Mesh._NO_CAP || cap === Mesh.CAP_END) ? 0 : 2;
                for (var i = 0; i < path.length; i++) {
                    rad = radiusFunctionFinal(i, distances[i]); // current radius
                    circlePath = Array<Vector3>();              // current circle array
                    normal = normals[i];                        // current normal
                    for (var t = 0; t < tessellation; t++) {
                        Matrix.RotationAxisToRef(tangents[i], step * t, rotationMatrix);
                        rotated = circlePath[t] ? circlePath[t] : Vector3.Zero();
                        Vector3.TransformCoordinatesToRef(normal, rotationMatrix, rotated);
                        rotated.scaleInPlace(rad).addInPlace(path[i]);
                        circlePath[t] = rotated;
                    }
                    circlePaths[index] = circlePath;
                    index++;
                }
                // cap
                var capPath = (nbPoints: number, pathIndex: number): Array<Vector3> => {
                    var pointCap = Array<Vector3>();
                    for (var i = 0; i < nbPoints; i++) {
                        pointCap.push(path[pathIndex]);
                    }
                    return pointCap;
                };
                switch (cap) {
                    case Mesh.NO_CAP:
                        break;
                    case Mesh.CAP_START:
                        circlePaths[0] = capPath(tessellation, 0);
                        circlePaths[1] = circlePaths[2].slice(0);
                        break;
                    case Mesh.CAP_END:
                        circlePaths[index] = circlePaths[index - 1].slice(0);
                        circlePaths[index + 1] = capPath(tessellation, path.length - 1);
                        break;
                    case Mesh.CAP_ALL:
                        circlePaths[0] = capPath(tessellation, 0);
                        circlePaths[1] = circlePaths[2].slice(0);
                        circlePaths[index] = circlePaths[index - 1].slice(0);
                        circlePaths[index + 1] = capPath(tessellation, path.length - 1);
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                return circlePaths;
            };

            var path3D;
            var pathArray;
            if (instance) { // tube update
                var arc = options.arc || (<any>instance).arc;
                path3D = ((<any>instance).path3D).update(path);
                pathArray = tubePathArray(path, path3D, (<any>instance).pathArray, radius, (<any>instance).tessellation, radiusFunction, (<any>instance).cap, arc);
                instance = MeshBuilder.CreateRibbon("", { pathArray: pathArray, instance: instance });
                (<any>instance).path3D = path3D;
                (<any>instance).pathArray = pathArray;
                (<any>instance).arc = arc;
                (<any>instance).radius = radius;

                return instance;
            }

            // tube creation
            path3D = <any>new Path3D(path);
            var newPathArray = new Array<Array<Vector3>>();
            cap = (cap < 0 || cap > 3) ? 0 : cap;
            pathArray = tubePathArray(path, path3D, newPathArray, radius, tessellation, radiusFunction, cap, options.arc);
            var tube = MeshBuilder.CreateRibbon(name, { pathArray: pathArray, closePath: true, closeArray: false, updatable: updatable, sideOrientation: sideOrientation, invertUV: invertUV, frontUVs: options.frontUVs, backUVs: options.backUVs }, scene);
            (<any>tube).pathArray = pathArray;
            (<any>tube).path3D = path3D;
            (<any>tube).tessellation = tessellation;
            (<any>tube).cap = cap;
            (<any>tube).arc = options.arc;
            (<any>tube).radius = radius;

            return tube;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a polyhedron mesh
         * * The parameter `type` (positive integer, max 14, default 0) sets the polyhedron type to build among the 15 embbeded types. Please refer to the type sheet in the tutorial to choose the wanted type
         * * The parameter `size` (positive float, default 1) sets the polygon size
         * * You can overwrite the `size` on each dimension bu using the parameters `sizeX`, `sizeY` or `sizeZ` (positive floats, default to `size` value)
         * * You can build other polyhedron types than the 15 embbeded ones by setting the parameter `custom` (`polyhedronObject`, default null). If you set the parameter `custom`, this overwrittes the parameter `type`
         * * A `polyhedronObject` is a formatted javascript object. You'll find a full file with pre-set polyhedra here : https://github.com/BabylonJS/Extensions/tree/master/Polyhedron    
         * * You can set the color and the UV of each side of the polyhedron with the parameters `faceColors` (Color4, default `(1, 1, 1, 1)`) and faceUV (Vector4, default `(0, 0, 1, 1)`)
         * * To understand how to set `faceUV` or `faceColors`, please read this by considering the right number of faces of your polyhedron, instead of only 6 for the box : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/CreateBox_Per_Face_Textures_And_Colors
         * * The parameter `flat` (boolean, default true). If set to false, it gives the polyhedron a single global face, so less vertices and shared normals. In this case, `faceColors` and `faceUV` are ignored
         * * You can also set the mesh side orientation with the values : BABYLON.Mesh.FRONTSIDE (default), BABYLON.Mesh.BACKSIDE or BABYLON.Mesh.DOUBLESIDE  
         * * If you create a double-sided mesh, you can choose what parts of the texture image to crop and stick respectively on the front and the back sides with the parameters `frontUVs` and `backUVs` (Vector4). Detail here : http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/02._Discover_Basic_Elements#side-orientation    
         * * The mesh can be set to updatable with the boolean parameter `updatable` (default false) if its internal geometry is supposed to change once created
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the polyhedron mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#polyhedron
         */
        public static CreatePolyhedron(name: string, options: { type?: number, size?: number, sizeX?: number, sizeY?: number, sizeZ?: number, custom?: any, faceUV?: Vector4[], faceColors?: Color4[], flat?: boolean, updatable?: boolean, sideOrientation?: number, frontUVs?: Vector4, backUVs?: Vector4 }, scene: Scene): Mesh {
            var polyhedron = new Mesh(name, scene);

            options.sideOrientation = MeshBuilder.updateSideOrientation(options.sideOrientation);
            polyhedron._originalBuilderSideOrientation = options.sideOrientation;

            var vertexData = VertexData.CreatePolyhedron(options);

            vertexData.applyToMesh(polyhedron, options.updatable);

            return polyhedron;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a decal mesh.
         * A decal is a mesh usually applied as a model onto the surface of another mesh. So don't forget the parameter `sourceMesh` depicting the decal
         * * The parameter `position` (Vector3, default `(0, 0, 0)`) sets the position of the decal in World coordinates
         * * The parameter `normal` (Vector3, default `Vector3.Up`) sets the normal of the mesh where the decal is applied onto in World coordinates
         * * The parameter `size` (Vector3, default `(1, 1, 1)`) sets the decal scaling
         * * The parameter `angle` (float in radian, default 0) sets the angle to rotate the decal
         * @param name defines the name of the mesh
         * @param sourceMesh defines the mesh where the decal must be applied
         * @param options defines the options used to create the mesh
         * @param scene defines the hosting scene
         * @returns the decal mesh
         * @see http://doc.babylonjs.com/tutorials/Mesh_CreateXXX_Methods_With_Options_Parameter#decals
         */
        public static CreateDecal(name: string, sourceMesh: AbstractMesh, options: { position?: Vector3, normal?: Vector3, size?: Vector3, angle?: number }): Mesh {
            var indices = <IndicesArray>sourceMesh.getIndices();
            var positions = sourceMesh.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.PositionKind);
            var normals = sourceMesh.getVerticesData(VertexBuffer.NormalKind);
            var position = options.position || Vector3.Zero();
            var normal = options.normal || Vector3.Up();
            var size = options.size || Vector3.One();
            var angle = options.angle || 0;

            // Getting correct rotation
            if (!normal) {
                var target = new Vector3(0, 0, 1);
                var camera = <Camera>sourceMesh.getScene().activeCamera;
                var cameraWorldTarget = Vector3.TransformCoordinates(target, camera.getWorldMatrix());

                normal = camera.globalPosition.subtract(cameraWorldTarget);
            }

            var yaw = -Math.atan2(normal.z, normal.x) - Math.PI / 2;
            var len = Math.sqrt(normal.x * normal.x + normal.z * normal.z);
            var pitch = Math.atan2(normal.y, len);

            // Matrix
            var decalWorldMatrix = Matrix.RotationYawPitchRoll(yaw, pitch, angle).multiply(Matrix.Translation(position.x, position.y, position.z));
            var inverseDecalWorldMatrix = Matrix.Invert(decalWorldMatrix);
            var meshWorldMatrix = sourceMesh.getWorldMatrix();
            var transformMatrix = meshWorldMatrix.multiply(inverseDecalWorldMatrix);

            var vertexData = new VertexData();
            vertexData.indices = [];
            vertexData.positions = [];
            vertexData.normals = [];
            vertexData.uvs = [];

            var currentVertexDataIndex = 0;

            var extractDecalVector3 = (indexId: number): PositionNormalVertex => {
                var result = new PositionNormalVertex();
                if (!indices || !positions || !normals) {
                    return result;
                }

                var vertexId = indices[indexId];
                result.position = new Vector3(positions[vertexId * 3], positions[vertexId * 3 + 1], positions[vertexId * 3 + 2]);

                // Send vector to decal local world
                result.position = Vector3.TransformCoordinates(result.position, transformMatrix);

                // Get normal
                result.normal = new Vector3(normals[vertexId * 3], normals[vertexId * 3 + 1], normals[vertexId * 3 + 2]);
                result.normal = Vector3.TransformNormal(result.normal, transformMatrix);

                return result;
            }; // Inspired by https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/blob/eee231960882f6f3b6113405f524956145148146/examples/js/geometries/DecalGeometry.js
            var clip = (vertices: PositionNormalVertex[], axis: Vector3): PositionNormalVertex[] => {
                if (vertices.length === 0) {
                    return vertices;
                }

                var clipSize = 0.5 * Math.abs(Vector3.Dot(size, axis));

                var clipVertices = (v0: PositionNormalVertex, v1: PositionNormalVertex): PositionNormalVertex => {
                    var clipFactor = Vector3.GetClipFactor(v0.position, v1.position, axis, clipSize);

                    return new PositionNormalVertex(
                        Vector3.Lerp(v0.position, v1.position, clipFactor),
                        Vector3.Lerp(v0.normal, v1.normal, clipFactor)
                    );
                };
                var result = new Array<PositionNormalVertex>();

                for (var index = 0; index < vertices.length; index += 3) {
                    var v1Out: boolean;
                    var v2Out: boolean;
                    var v3Out: boolean;
                    var total = 0;
                    let nV1: Nullable<PositionNormalVertex> = null;
                    let nV2: Nullable<PositionNormalVertex> = null;
                    let nV3: Nullable<PositionNormalVertex> = null;
                    let nV4: Nullable<PositionNormalVertex> = null;

                    var d1 = Vector3.Dot(vertices[index].position, axis) - clipSize;
                    var d2 = Vector3.Dot(vertices[index + 1].position, axis) - clipSize;
                    var d3 = Vector3.Dot(vertices[index + 2].position, axis) - clipSize;

                    v1Out = d1 > 0;
                    v2Out = d2 > 0;
                    v3Out = d3 > 0;

                    total = (v1Out ? 1 : 0) + (v2Out ? 1 : 0) + (v3Out ? 1 : 0);

                    switch (total) {
                        case 0:
                            result.push(vertices[index]);
                            result.push(vertices[index + 1]);
                            result.push(vertices[index + 2]);
                            break;
                        case 1:

                            if (v1Out) {
                                nV1 = vertices[index + 1];
                                nV2 = vertices[index + 2];
                                nV3 = clipVertices(vertices[index], nV1);
                                nV4 = clipVertices(vertices[index], nV2);
                            }

                            if (v2Out) {
                                nV1 = vertices[index];
                                nV2 = vertices[index + 2];
                                nV3 = clipVertices(vertices[index + 1], nV1);
                                nV4 = clipVertices(vertices[index + 1], nV2);

                                result.push(nV3);
                                result.push(nV2.clone());
                                result.push(nV1.clone());

                                result.push(nV2.clone());
                                result.push(nV3.clone());
                                result.push(nV4);
                                break;
                            }
                            if (v3Out) {
                                nV1 = vertices[index];
                                nV2 = vertices[index + 1];
                                nV3 = clipVertices(vertices[index + 2], nV1);
                                nV4 = clipVertices(vertices[index + 2], nV2);
                            }

                            if (nV1 && nV2 && nV3 && nV4) {
                                result.push(nV1.clone());
                                result.push(nV2.clone());
                                result.push(nV3);

                                result.push(nV4);
                                result.push(nV3.clone());
                                result.push(nV2.clone());
                            }
                            break;
                        case 2:
                            if (!v1Out) {
                                nV1 = vertices[index].clone();
                                nV2 = clipVertices(nV1, vertices[index + 1]);
                                nV3 = clipVertices(nV1, vertices[index + 2]);
                                result.push(nV1);
                                result.push(nV2);
                                result.push(nV3);
                            }
                            if (!v2Out) {
                                nV1 = vertices[index + 1].clone();
                                nV2 = clipVertices(nV1, vertices[index + 2]);
                                nV3 = clipVertices(nV1, vertices[index]);
                                result.push(nV1);
                                result.push(nV2);
                                result.push(nV3);
                            }
                            if (!v3Out) {
                                nV1 = vertices[index + 2].clone();
                                nV2 = clipVertices(nV1, vertices[index]);
                                nV3 = clipVertices(nV1, vertices[index + 1]);
                                result.push(nV1);
                                result.push(nV2);
                                result.push(nV3);
                            }
                            break;
                        case 3:
                            break;
                    }
                }

                return result;
            };
            for (var index = 0; index < indices.length; index += 3) {
                var faceVertices = new Array<PositionNormalVertex>();

                faceVertices.push(extractDecalVector3(index));
                faceVertices.push(extractDecalVector3(index + 1));
                faceVertices.push(extractDecalVector3(index + 2));

                // Clip
                faceVertices = clip(faceVertices, new Vector3(1, 0, 0));
                faceVertices = clip(faceVertices, new Vector3(-1, 0, 0));
                faceVertices = clip(faceVertices, new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
                faceVertices = clip(faceVertices, new Vector3(0, -1, 0));
                faceVertices = clip(faceVertices, new Vector3(0, 0, 1));
                faceVertices = clip(faceVertices, new Vector3(0, 0, -1));

                if (faceVertices.length === 0) {
                    continue;
                }

                // Add UVs and get back to world
                for (var vIndex = 0; vIndex < faceVertices.length; vIndex++) {
                    var vertex = faceVertices[vIndex];

                    //TODO check for Int32Array | Uint32Array | Uint16Array
                    (<number[]>vertexData.indices).push(currentVertexDataIndex);
                    vertex.position.toArray(vertexData.positions, currentVertexDataIndex * 3);
                    vertex.normal.toArray(vertexData.normals, currentVertexDataIndex * 3);
                    (<number[]>vertexData.uvs).push(0.5 + vertex.position.x / size.x);
                    (<number[]>vertexData.uvs).push(0.5 + vertex.position.y / size.y);

                    currentVertexDataIndex++;
                }
            }

            // Return mesh
            var decal = new Mesh(name, sourceMesh.getScene());
            vertexData.applyToMesh(decal);

            decal.position = position.clone();
            decal.rotation = new Vector3(pitch, yaw, angle);

            return decal;
        }

        // Privates
        private static _ExtrudeShapeGeneric(name: string, shape: Vector3[], curve: Vector3[], scale: Nullable<number>, rotation: Nullable<number>, scaleFunction: Nullable<{ (i: number, distance: number): number; }>,
            rotateFunction: Nullable<{ (i: number, distance: number): number; }>, rbCA: boolean, rbCP: boolean, cap: number, custom: boolean,
            scene: Nullable<Scene>, updtbl: boolean, side: number, instance: Nullable<Mesh>, invertUV: boolean, frontUVs: Nullable<Vector4>, backUVs: Nullable<Vector4>): Mesh {
            // extrusion geometry
            var extrusionPathArray = (shape: Vector3[], curve: Vector3[], path3D: Path3D, shapePaths: Vector3[][], scale: Nullable<number>, rotation: Nullable<number>,
                scaleFunction: Nullable<{ (i: number, distance: number): number; }>, rotateFunction: Nullable<{ (i: number, distance: number): number; }>, cap: number, custom: boolean) => {
                var tangents = path3D.getTangents();
                var normals = path3D.getNormals();
                var binormals = path3D.getBinormals();
                var distances = path3D.getDistances();

                var angle = 0;
                var returnScale: { (i: number, distance: number): number; } = () => { return scale !== null ? scale : 1; };
                var returnRotation: { (i: number, distance: number): number; } = () => { return rotation !== null ? rotation : 0; };
                var rotate: { (i: number, distance: number): number; } = custom && rotateFunction ? rotateFunction : returnRotation;
                var scl: { (i: number, distance: number): number; } = custom && scaleFunction ? scaleFunction : returnScale;
                var index = (cap === Mesh.NO_CAP || cap === Mesh.CAP_END) ? 0 : 2;
                var rotationMatrix: Matrix = Tmp.Matrix[0];

                for (var i = 0; i < curve.length; i++) {
                    var shapePath = new Array<Vector3>();
                    var angleStep = rotate(i, distances[i]);
                    var scaleRatio = scl(i, distances[i]);
                    for (var p = 0; p < shape.length; p++) {
                        Matrix.RotationAxisToRef(tangents[i], angle, rotationMatrix);
                        var planed = ((tangents[i].scale(shape[p].z)).add(normals[i].scale(shape[p].x)).add(binormals[i].scale(shape[p].y)));
                        var rotated = shapePath[p] ? shapePath[p] : Vector3.Zero();
                        Vector3.TransformCoordinatesToRef(planed, rotationMatrix, rotated);
                        rotated.scaleInPlace(scaleRatio).addInPlace(curve[i]);
                        shapePath[p] = rotated;
                    }
                    shapePaths[index] = shapePath;
                    angle += angleStep;
                    index++;
                }
                // cap
                var capPath = (shapePath: Vector3[]) => {
                    var pointCap = Array<Vector3>();
                    var barycenter = Vector3.Zero();
                    var i: number;
                    for (i = 0; i < shapePath.length; i++) {
                        barycenter.addInPlace(shapePath[i]);
                    }
                    barycenter.scaleInPlace(1.0 / shapePath.length);
                    for (i = 0; i < shapePath.length; i++) {
                        pointCap.push(barycenter);
                    }
                    return pointCap;
                };
                switch (cap) {
                    case Mesh.NO_CAP:
                        break;
                    case Mesh.CAP_START:
                        shapePaths[0] = capPath(shapePaths[2]);
                        shapePaths[1] = shapePaths[2];
                        break;
                    case Mesh.CAP_END:
                        shapePaths[index] = shapePaths[index - 1];
                        shapePaths[index + 1] = capPath(shapePaths[index - 1]);
                        break;
                    case Mesh.CAP_ALL:
                        shapePaths[0] = capPath(shapePaths[2]);
                        shapePaths[1] = shapePaths[2];
                        shapePaths[index] = shapePaths[index - 1];
                        shapePaths[index + 1] = capPath(shapePaths[index - 1]);
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                return shapePaths;
            };
            var path3D;
            var pathArray;
            if (instance) { // instance update
                path3D = ((<any>instance).path3D).update(curve);
                pathArray = extrusionPathArray(shape, curve, (<any>instance).path3D, (<any>instance).pathArray, scale, rotation, scaleFunction, rotateFunction, (<any>instance).cap, custom);
                instance = Mesh.CreateRibbon("", pathArray, false, false, 0, scene || undefined, false, 0, instance);

                return instance;
            }
            // extruded shape creation
            path3D = <any>new Path3D(curve);
            var newShapePaths = new Array<Array<Vector3>>();
            cap = (cap < 0 || cap > 3) ? 0 : cap;
            pathArray = extrusionPathArray(shape, curve, path3D, newShapePaths, scale, rotation, scaleFunction, rotateFunction, cap, custom);
            var extrudedGeneric = MeshBuilder.CreateRibbon(name, { pathArray: pathArray, closeArray: rbCA, closePath: rbCP, updatable: updtbl, sideOrientation: side, invertUV: invertUV, frontUVs: frontUVs || undefined, backUVs: backUVs || undefined }, scene);
            (<any>extrudedGeneric).pathArray = pathArray;
            (<any>extrudedGeneric).path3D = path3D;
            (<any>extrudedGeneric).cap = cap;

            return extrudedGeneric;
        }
    }
}